{"id":109993,"date":"2021-08-06T19:22:36","date_gmt":"2021-08-06T12:22:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tino.org\/?p=2614"},"modified":"2025-06-10T10:55:43","modified_gmt":"2025-06-10T03:55:43","slug":"sql-va-nosql-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tino.vn\/blog\/sql-va-nosql-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"SQL v\u00e0 NoSQL l\u00e0 g\u00ec? T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u chi ti\u1ebft"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

SQL v\u00e0 NoSQL l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 thu th\u1eadp v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c th\u00f4ng tin<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/a>SQL l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

<\/a>Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 SQL<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\n SQL l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb Structured Query Language<\/strong> (t\u1ea1m d\u1ecbch: ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef truy v\u1ea5n c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac<\/em>). \u0110\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n cho c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u quan h\u1ec7. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i m\u00e3 kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0ng SQL \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i nh\u1ea5t.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"sql-va-nosql-la-gi\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\n Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 tr\u1ecdng y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a SQL l\u00e0 chia s\u1ebb v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u quan h\u1ec7. SQL gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng truy v\u1ea5n, c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1ea1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 theo d\u00f5i quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang th\u00f4ng qua SQL.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi doanh nghi\u1ec7p, SQL gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/a> v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 li\u00ean h\u1ec7, th\u00f4ng tin mua h\u00e0ng,… <\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/a>L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a SQL<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\n \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef SQL mang l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c cao. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef truy v\u1ea5n c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac l\u00e0: c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c, ti\u1ec7n l\u1ee3i, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng coding, truy v\u1ea5n nhanh.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/a>C\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\n SQL l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef d\u1ec5 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 ti\u1ebfp thu. Do \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eb1m tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi truy v\u1ea5n mang t\u00ednh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, th\u1eddi gian tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a SQL c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 nhanh. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, SQL c\u00f2n gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n xem \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/a>Ti\u1ec7n l\u1ee3i<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\n L\u1ee3i \u00edch ti\u1ebfp theo c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef SQL l\u00e0 ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng n\u00e0o. SQL c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t trong c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh tr\u00ean laptop, server ho\u1eb7c PC. Ngo\u00e0i ra, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eafn ch\u00fang v\u00e0o m\u1ecdi \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng n\u00e0o t\u00f9y theo nhu c\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"sql-va-nosql-la-gi\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

<\/a>\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\n Trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m qua, SQL \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn. Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef truy v\u1ea5n c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng, do \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng t\u1ed1i \u01b0u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/a>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng coding<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\n D\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 d\u00e2n vi\u1ebft code chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p, b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng v\u00e0 nhanh ch\u00f3ng. Nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb kh\u00f3a c\u1ee7a SQL c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u01b0: SELECT, INSERT INTO, UPDATE,… Do \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc c\u00fa ph\u00e1p c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 kh\u00f3, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed ch\u00fang c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/a>Truy v\u1ea5n nhanh<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\n SQL cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u nhanh v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 thao t\u00e1c nh\u01b0: ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda, nh\u1eadp, x\u00f3a,…, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd mau l\u1eb9, kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1n nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/a>H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a SQL<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
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