{"id":110205,"date":"2021-08-16T17:46:36","date_gmt":"2021-08-16T10:46:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tino.org\/?p=2564"},"modified":"2026-10-24T15:02:51","modified_gmt":"2026-10-24T08:02:51","slug":"edge-computing-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tino.vn\/blog\/edge-computing-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"Edge computing l\u00e0 g\u00ec? \u0110i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n bi\u00ean kh\u00e1c cloud th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Edge computing (\u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n bi\u00ean)<\/strong> l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ngay t\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c g\u1ea7n n\u01a1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u sinh ra, nh\u01b0 camera, c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn, m\u00e1y trong nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y hay m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ea1i c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng, thay v\u00ec g\u1eedi to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u1edf xa. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i nhanh h\u01a1n, gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ph\u1ea3i truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 v\u1eabn ch\u1ea1y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khi m\u1ea5t k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Edge computing kh\u00f4ng thay th\u1ebf \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y m\u00e0 b\u1ed5 sung cho n\u00f3: ph\u1ea7n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i ngay ch\u1ea1y \u1edf bi\u00ean, ph\u1ea7n l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch l\u1edbn v\u1eabn n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean cloud server<\/a>, VPS<\/a> ho\u1eb7c public cloud. Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u1ec1n xem \u1edf b\u00e0i \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Edge computing l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Edge computing l\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0a n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n v\u00e0 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef ra l\u1edbp m\u1ea1ng s\u00e1t ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb. T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u NIST SP 500-325 (2018) m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 l\u1edbp edge l\u00e0 l\u1edbp m\u1ea1ng g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7u cu\u1ed1i v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00ednh to\u00e1n c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 ngay tr\u00ean c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn, \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 \u0111o hay thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1ea1ng (NIST SP 500-325, ph\u1ee5 l\u1ee5c A<\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, ch\u1eef “edge” c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n cho m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y, c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng, tr\u1ea1m vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng hay \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p CDN. NIST c\u0169ng ghi nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m edge, fog, mist computing v\u00e0 cloudlet ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 ranh gi\u1edbi th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t, n\u00ean khi \u0111\u1ecdc t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u1ea7n xem h\u1ecd \u0111ang n\u00f3i l\u1edbp n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Edge computing ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Edge computing ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch chia vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp theo kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch t\u1edbi ngu\u1ed3n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ho\u1eb7c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 bi\u00ean x\u1eed l\u00fd tr\u01b0\u1edbc, ch\u1ec9 g\u1eedi k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ecdc ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea3n t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p l\u00ean cloud; cloud trung t\u00e2m l\u01b0u tr\u1eef l\u00e2u d\u00e0i, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch to\u00e0n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea9y c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh, ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m m\u1edbi xu\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m bi\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Ba<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y c\u00f3 40 camera ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ed7i s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. G\u1eedi to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 video l\u00ean cloud v\u1eeba t\u1ed1n b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng v\u1eeba ch\u1eadm. M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 bi\u00ean trong x\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1ea1y m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n, g\u1ea1t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m l\u1ed7i ngay tr\u00ean b\u0103ng chuy\u1ec1n, r\u1ed3i ch\u1ec9 g\u1eedi \u1ea3nh s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u theo ca l\u00ean cloud \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m b\u00e1o c\u00e1o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Edge computing kh\u00e1c cloud computing th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Edge computing kh\u00e1c cloud computing ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u1edf n\u01a1i x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Cloud gom t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean \u1edf v\u00e0i trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn n\u00ean d\u1ec5 co gi\u00e3n v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u1eadp trung; edge r\u1ea3i t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean nh\u1ecf ra nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00ean ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i nhanh, \u00edt ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ti\u00eau ch\u00ed<\/th>Edge computing<\/th>Cloud computing<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
N\u01a1i x\u1eed l\u00fd<\/td>T\u1ea1i thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ho\u1eb7c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 g\u1ea7n ngu\u1ed3n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/td>Trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p<\/td><\/tr>
\u0110\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5<\/td>Th\u1ea5p, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111i qua Internet \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i<\/td>Ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n<\/td><\/tr>
B\u0103ng th\u00f4ng<\/td>Ch\u1ec9 g\u1eedi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ecdc<\/td>Ph\u1ea3i g\u1eedi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u00f4 l\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd<\/td><\/tr>
Khi m\u1ea5t Internet<\/td>Ph\u1ea7n x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 v\u1eabn ch\u1ea1y<\/td>Kh\u00f4ng truy c\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5<\/td><\/tr>
T\u00e0i nguy\u00ean<\/td>Nh\u1ecf, gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n theo m\u00e1y \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7<\/td>L\u1edbn, t\u0103ng gi\u1ea3m nhanh theo nhu c\u1ea7u<\/td><\/tr>
V\u1eadn h\u00e0nh<\/td>Nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec3m ph\u1ea3i c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u1eadt l\u00fd<\/td>T\u1eadp trung, nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p lo ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>
So s\u00e1nh edge computing v\u00e0 cloud computing \u1edf m\u1ee9c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Edge computing, fog computing v\u00e0 CDN kh\u00e1c nhau ra sao?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Fog computing l\u00e0 l\u1edbp trung gian gi\u1eefa thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb bi\u00ean v\u00e0 cloud, g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u n\u00fat x\u1eed l\u00fd ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh l\u1ea1i cho t\u1eebng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng. NIST ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t: fog ch\u1ea1y \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp, c\u00f2n edge ch\u1ea1y \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u1edf m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp (Fog Computing Conceptual Model<\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n