{"id":121516,"date":"2025-12-11T15:42:46","date_gmt":"2025-12-11T08:42:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tino.vn\/blog\/?p=121516"},"modified":"2026-01-02T16:48:11","modified_gmt":"2026-01-02T09:48:11","slug":"scrapy-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tino.vn\/blog\/scrapy-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"Scrapy l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 framework Python thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u web m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd nh\u1ea5t 2026"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Trong k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean s\u1ed1, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00ed nh\u01b0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n v\u00f4 gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi doanh nghi\u1ec7p. Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c thu th\u1eadp th\u00f4ng tin th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng t\u1eeb h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn trang web l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 thi v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00fac Scrapy ph\u00e1t huy vai tr\u00f2 t\u1ed1i quan tr\u1ecdng. V\u1eady Scrapy l\u00e0 g\u00ec? B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1ch tri\u1ec3n khai framework n\u00e0y cho c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"T\u1ed5ng_quan_v\u1ec1_Scrapy\"><a id=\"post-121516-_jra54wn1p07k\"><\/a>T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 Scrapy<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"Scrapy_l\u00e0_g\u00ec?\"><a id=\"post-121516-_yvqsexrj0vg1\"><\/a><strong>Scrapy l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.scrapy.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.scrapy.org\/\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Scrapy<\/a> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t framework \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh Python, chuy\u00ean d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00edch xu\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb c\u00e1c trang web (web scraping). C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng thu th\u1eadp th\u00f4ng tin nhanh ch\u00f3ng, \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng quy m\u00f4 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch linh ho\u1ea1t.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"375\" src=\"https:\/\/tino.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/scrapy-la-gi-1.png\" alt=\"Scrapy l\u00e0 g\u00ec?\" class=\"wp-image-121519\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tino.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/scrapy-la-gi-1.png 700w, https:\/\/tino.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/scrapy-la-gi-1-300x161.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong>Scrapy l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Thay v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb, Scrapy mang \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 khung ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ea1ng, x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u00f4 v\u00e0 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng theo \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng mong mu\u1ed1n. Framework n\u00e0y hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 khai ph\u00e1 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Xem th\u00eam: <a href=\"https:\/\/tino.vn\/blog\/web-scraper-de-crawler-tot-nhat\/\">To<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/tino.vn\/blog\/web-scraper-de-crawler-tot-nhat\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">p 10+ Web Scraper \u0111\u1ec3 Crawler t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nay<\/a><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"L\u1ecbch_s\u1eed_h\u00ecnh_th\u00e0nh_v\u00e0_ph\u00e1t_tri\u1ec3n\"><a id=\"post-121516-_a3a9u4ph8fo1\"><\/a><strong>L\u1ecbch s\u1eed h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Scrapy kh\u1edfi ngu\u1ed3n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 t\u1ea1i Mycroes, m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty chuy\u00ean v\u1ec1 tr\u00edch xu\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u web v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed c\u00f3 tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf t\u1ea1i London. Hai nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp Pablo Hoffman v\u00e0 Shane Evans \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng framework n\u00e0y nh\u1eb1m t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a quy tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u0103m 2008, m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i theo gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p BSD, m\u1edf ra k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng. M\u1ed9t c\u1ed9t m\u1ed1c quan tr\u1ecdng di\u1ec5n ra v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2015 khi phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n 1.0 ra m\u1eaft, \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u s\u1ef1 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng. Hi\u1ec7n nay, Scrapy \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u1ee3 b\u1edfi Zyte (tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 Scrapinghub) c\u00f9ng c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean Python tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"C\u01a1_ch\u1ebf_ho\u1ea1t_\u0111\u1ed9ng_c\u01a1_b\u1ea3n_c\u1ee7a_Scrapy\"><a id=\"post-121516-_u04qri5esi4i\"><\/a><strong>C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Scrapy<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a Scrapy \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf xoay quanh m\u1ed9t trung t\u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 (asynchronous). \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 c\u00f9ng l\u00fac m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh, gi\u00fap t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Quy tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a Scrapy di\u1ec5n ra qua c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Scrapy Engine (B\u1ed9 m\u00e1y trung t\u00e2m)<\/strong>: \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i, ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed1i lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u gi\u1eefa t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn kh\u00e1c trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Scrapy Engine s\u1ebd k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o d\u1eef li\u1ec7u di chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u00fang h\u01b0\u1edbng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Scheduler (B\u1ed9 l\u1eadp l\u1ecbch)<\/strong>: Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u (requests) t\u1eeb Scrapy Engine v\u00e0 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y v\u00e0o h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ee3i. Khi Engine s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng x\u1eed l\u00fd, Scheduler s\u1ebd g\u1eedi l\u1ea1i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ti\u1ebfp theo \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Downloader (B\u1ed9 t\u1ea3i xu\u1ed1ng)<\/strong>: Downloader c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 t\u00ecm n\u1ea1p c\u00e1c trang web v\u00e0 t\u1ea3i n\u1ed9i dung v\u1ec1 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ebfn. Sau khi t\u1ea3i xong, b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn n\u00e0y s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i (response) ch\u1ee9a n\u1ed9i dung trang web ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i cho Engine \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n x\u1eed l\u00fd.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Spiders (Tr\u00ecnh thu th\u1eadp)<\/strong>: \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u01a1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Spiders s\u1ebd nh\u1eadn ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i t\u1eeb Downloader (th\u00f4ng qua Engine), sau \u0111\u00f3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00fa ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00edch xu\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft (g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Items) ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111i theo c\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean trang web.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Item Pipeline (\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u)<\/strong>: Sau khi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Spiders tr\u00edch xu\u1ea5t, c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn Item Pipeline. T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u s\u1ebd tr\u1ea3i qua c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u1eadu k\u1ef3 nh\u01b0: l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch (x\u00f3a b\u1ecf HTML th\u1eeba), ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00ednh h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7, lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00e0o c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c xu\u1ea5t ra c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng file nh\u01b0 JSON, CSV.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"375\" src=\"https:\/\/tino.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/scrapy-la-gi-2.png\" alt=\"C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Scrapy\" class=\"wp-image-121520\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tino.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/scrapy-la-gi-2.png 700w, https:\/\/tino.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/scrapy-la-gi-2-300x161.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong>C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Scrapy<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">T\u00f3m t\u1eaft lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Quy tr\u00ecnh b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u khi Spider g\u1eedi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u -&gt; Engine chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn Scheduler -&gt; Scheduler tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u cho Engine -&gt; Engine g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ebfn Downloader -&gt; Downloader t\u1ea3i trang v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 Engine -&gt; Engine g\u1eedi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u00f4 cho Spider ph\u00e2n t\u00edch -&gt; Spider xu\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ra Item Pipeline \u0111\u1ec3 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"C\u00e1c_t\u00ednh_n\u0103ng_n\u1ed5i_b\u1eadt_t\u1ea1o_n\u00ean_s\u1ee9c_m\u1ea1nh_c\u1ee7a_Scrapy\"><a id=\"post-121516-_z01pw1i8p06h\"><\/a>C\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt t\u1ea1o n\u00ean s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a Scrapy<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, Scrapy \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t t\u00ednh n\u0103ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u1ed1i \u0111a cho l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean trong vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 tr\u00edch xu\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111a d\u1ea1ng:<\/strong> Framework t\u00edch h\u1ee3p s\u1eb5n c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ch\u1ecdn (selectors) m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean XPath v\u00e0 CSS. T\u00ednh n\u0103ng n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb v\u00e0 l\u1ea5y th\u00f4ng tin t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed HTML ho\u1eb7c XML m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp:<\/strong> Scrapy cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t giao di\u1ec7n d\u00f2ng l\u1ec7nh t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c. L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u00e3 tr\u00edch xu\u1ea5t, ki\u1ec3m tra ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i t\u1eeb website ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ch\u1ea1y to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, gi\u00fap ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 th\u1eddi gian g\u1ee1 l\u1ed7i (debug).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Xu\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u linh ho\u1ea1t<\/strong> H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 xu\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u thu th\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ra nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 JSON, CSV, XML ho\u1eb7c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (<a href=\"https:\/\/tino.vn\/blog\/mysql-la-gi\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"322\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">MySQL<\/a>, MongoDB&#8230;) th\u00f4ng qua h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Pipeline.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>X\u1eed l\u00fd m\u00e3 h\u00f3a th\u00f4ng minh:<\/strong> Scrapy t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a k\u00fd t\u1ef1 (encoding), gi\u00fap hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a trang web g\u1ed1c, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng qua Middleware:<\/strong> Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a Scrapy cho ph\u00e9p can thi\u1ec7p v\u00e0o quy tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd request v\u00e0 response th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c l\u1edbp trung gian (Middleware). Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd cookie, session, ho\u1eb7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i User-Agent nh\u1eb1m tr\u00e1nh b\u1ecb ch\u1eb7n b\u1edfi website m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"375\" src=\"https:\/\/tino.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/scrapy-la-gi-3.png\" alt=\"C\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt t\u1ea1o n\u00ean s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a Scrapy\" class=\"wp-image-121521\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tino.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/scrapy-la-gi-3.png 700w, https:\/\/tino.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/scrapy-la-gi-3-300x161.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong>C\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt t\u1ea1o n\u00ean s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a Scrapy<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h2 id=\"5_l\u00fd_do_khi\u1ebfn_l\u1eadp_tr\u00ecnh_vi\u00ean_\u01b0u_ti\u00ean_l\u1ef1a_ch\u1ecdn_Scrapy\"><a id=\"post-121516-_p7dwhm9j0x85\"><\/a>5 l\u00fd do khi\u1ebfn l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean \u01b0u ti\u00ean l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn Scrapy<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Gi\u1eefa v\u00f4 v\u00e0n c\u00e1c th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, Scrapy v\u1eabn gi\u1eef v\u1eefng v\u1ecb th\u1ebf s\u1ed1 m\u1ed9t trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean Python nh\u1edd nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"#1._T\u1ed1c_\u0111\u1ed9_x\u1eed_l\u00fd_nhanh_nh\u1edd_c\u01a1_ch\u1ebf_b\u1ea5t_\u0111\u1ed3ng_b\u1ed9_\"><a id=\"post-121516-_74xdvbp3kjn\"><\/a><strong>#1. T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd nhanh nh\u1edd c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 <\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n x\u1eed l\u00fd tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1, Scrapy \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng Twisted \u2013 m\u1ed9t framework m\u1ea1ng b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 (asynchronous networking). Nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eedi h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ee3i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh. \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y gi\u00fap r\u00fat ng\u1eafn \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 th\u1eddi gian thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trang web l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"#2._Gi\u1ea3i_ph\u00e1p_&#8220;All-in-one&#8221;_(T\u1ea5t_c\u1ea3_trong_m\u1ed9t)_\"><a id=\"post-121516-_ftmvdeiogwyw\"><\/a><strong>#2. Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p &#8220;All-in-one&#8221; (T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 trong m\u1ed9t) <\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n nh\u1ecf l\u1ebb, l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c module \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea3i trang, x\u1eed l\u00fd l\u1ed7i, ho\u1eb7c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Scrapy gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 khung ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. T\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea3i trang, x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ebfn xu\u1ea5t file, m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c khoa h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"375\" src=\"https:\/\/tino.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/scrapy-la-gi-4.png\" alt=\"5 l\u00fd do khi\u1ebfn l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean \u01b0u ti\u00ean l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn Scrapy\" class=\"wp-image-121523\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tino.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/scrapy-la-gi-4.png 700w, https:\/\/tino.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/scrapy-la-gi-4-300x161.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong>5 l\u00fd do khi\u1ebfn l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean \u01b0u ti\u00ean l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn Scrapy<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h3 id=\"#3._Kh\u1ea3_n\u0103ng_t\u00f9y_bi\u1ebfn_v\u00e0_m\u1edf_r\u1ed9ng_cao_\"><a id=\"post-121516-_l2wo6e7hbvr\"><\/a><strong>#3. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00f9y bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng cao <\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Framework \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u00edch h\u1ee3p th\u00eam c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng m\u1edbi m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i. L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft th\u00eam c\u00e1c ti\u1ec7n \u00edch m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng (extensions) ho\u1eb7c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i Scrapy v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 Selenium ho\u1eb7c Splash \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c trang web s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u JavaScript.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"#4._Ti\u1ebft_ki\u1ec7m_t\u00e0i_nguy\u00ean_h\u1ec7_th\u1ed1ng_\"><a id=\"post-121516-_6rx8hysgx1m\"><\/a><strong>#4. Ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng <\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Nh\u1edd t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a quy tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb v\u00e0 CPU, Scrapy ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng r\u1ea5t nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1y framework n\u00e0y tr\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed tr\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n m\u00e0 v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c cao.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"#5._C\u1ed9ng_\u0111\u1ed3ng_h\u1ed7_tr\u1ee3_l\u1edbn_v\u00e0_t\u00e0i_li\u1ec7u_phong_ph\u00fa_\"><a id=\"post-121516-_o0bki6pne22y\"><\/a><strong>#5. C\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 l\u1edbn v\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u phong ph\u00fa <\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u1edbi l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi, Scrapy s\u1edf h\u1eefu m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o. M\u1ecdi th\u1eafc m\u1eafc hay l\u1ed7i k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ean c\u00e1c di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ho\u1eb7c Stack Overflow. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c (Documentation) c\u1ee7a Scrapy \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft r\u1ea5t chi ti\u1ebft, \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 minh h\u1ecda, gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn nhanh ch\u00f3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"Chi_ph\u00ed_s\u1eed_d\u1ee5ng_Scrapy_nh\u01b0_th\u1ebf_n\u00e0o?\"><a id=\"post-121516-_papevicrucfh\"><\/a><strong>Chi ph\u00ed s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Scrapy nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t khi\u1ebfn Scrapy tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u1eb1m \u1edf ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch chi ph\u00ed. V\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, Scrapy l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t <strong>ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf (Open Source)<\/strong> v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh d\u01b0\u1edbi <strong>gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p BSD<\/strong>. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Chi ph\u00ed b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n b\u1eb1ng 0:<\/strong> C\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea3i v\u1ec1, c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a framework n\u00e0y cho b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch n\u00e0o, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 kho\u1ea3n ph\u00ed c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p n\u00e0o.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"375\" src=\"https:\/\/tino.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/scrapy-la-gi-5.png\" alt=\"Chi ph\u00ed s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Scrapy nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?\" class=\"wp-image-121524\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tino.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/scrapy-la-gi-5.png 700w, https:\/\/tino.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/scrapy-la-gi-5-300x161.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong>Chi ph\u00ed s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Scrapy nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, &#8220;mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n&#8221; kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u s\u1ebd ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m. Khi tri\u1ec3n khai Scrapy v\u00e0o c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn, ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ea7n t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i <strong>chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh <\/strong>sau \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Chi ph\u00ed h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 (Server\/VPS):<\/strong> M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 Scrapy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1y tr\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u li\u00ean t\u1ee5c 24\/7, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u1ea7n thu\u00ea <a href=\"https:\/\/tino.vn\/blog\/vps-la-gi\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"78084\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">VPS <\/a>ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y. Chi ph\u00ed n\u00e0y ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng (CPU, RAM) v\u00e0 b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng m\u1ea1ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Chi ph\u00ed gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p Proxy v\u00e0 IP<\/strong>: \u0110\u00e2y th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3n chi ph\u00ed l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n Web Scraping. \u0110\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh b\u1ecb c\u00e1c trang web m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ch\u1eb7n ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f3a quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi Proxy \u0111\u1ec3 xoay v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. C\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 Proxy ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00ednh ph\u00ed d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Chi ph\u00ed gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 Captcha v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng Bot (Anti-Bot):<\/strong> \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c trang web c\u00f3 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt cao (nh\u01b0 Cloudflare, Datadome), Scrapy \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Khi \u0111\u00f3, l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean c\u1ea7n t\u00edch h\u1ee3p th\u00eam c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 Captcha ho\u1eb7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 (nh\u01b0 Splash, Selenium) \u2013 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd l\u00e0m t\u0103ng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e1t sinh ph\u00ed d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Chi ph\u00ed nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec:<\/strong> Website m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac giao di\u1ec7n. M\u1ed7i khi c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y, Spider (tr\u00ecnh thu th\u1eadp) s\u1ebd ng\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c l\u1ea5y sai d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Do \u0111\u00f3, doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea7n ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch cho nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t, c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u1edbi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"H\u01b0\u1edbng_d\u1eabn_c\u00e0i_\u0111\u1eb7t_v\u00e0_t\u1ea1o_d\u1ef1_\u00e1n_Scrapy_\u0111\u1ea7u_ti\u00ean\"><a id=\"post-121516-_2jbs208pc3y0\"><\/a>H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1 \u00e1n Scrapy \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"Y\u00eau_c\u1ea7u_h\u1ec7_th\u1ed1ng_v\u00e0_c\u00e0i_\u0111\u1eb7t\"><a id=\"post-121516-_kni44asp7tx4\"><\/a><strong>Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u, m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t s\u1eb5n ng\u00f4n <a href=\"https:\/\/tino.vn\/blog\/python-la-gi\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"16155\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh Python<\/a> (khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n 3.8 tr\u1edf l\u00ean). Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n Python hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch g\u00f5 l\u1ec7nh <code>python --version <\/code>trong c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 d\u00f2ng l\u1ec7nh (Terminal ho\u1eb7c Command Prompt).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t Scrapy, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd g\u00f3i pip. M\u1edf c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 d\u00f2ng l\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 nh\u1eadp c\u00e2u l\u1ec7nh sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>pip install scrapy<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t s\u1ebd di\u1ec5n ra t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd t\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 Scrapy c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 Twisted, lxml, cssselect.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"Kh\u1edfi_t\u1ea1o_d\u1ef1_\u00e1n_(Project)\"><a id=\"post-121516-_y69ky1ivj9bc\"><\/a><strong>Kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1 \u00e1n (Project)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Sau khi c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t, b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n m\u1edbi. H\u00e3y di chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c mu\u1ed1n l\u01b0u tr\u1eef m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c thi l\u1ec7nh:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>scrapy startproject tutorial_scraper<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c c\u00f3 t\u00ean <strong>tutorial_scraper<\/strong>. B\u00ean trong th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c n\u00e0y ch\u1ee9a c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n Scrapy, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>scrapy.cfg:<\/strong> T\u1ec7p c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>items.py:<\/strong> N\u01a1i \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u mu\u1ed1n thu th\u1eadp.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>middlewares.py:<\/strong> N\u01a1i t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c x\u1eed l\u00fd trung gian.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>pipelines.py:<\/strong> N\u01a1i x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u sau khi thu th\u1eadp (l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch, l\u01b0u database).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>settings.py:<\/strong> N\u01a1i c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9, robot rules, user-agent.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>spiders\/<\/strong>: Th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c file m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a bot thu th\u1eadp.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"T\u1ea1o_Spider_(Tr\u00ecnh_thu_th\u1eadp)\"><a id=\"post-121516-_xs102nxdiirt\"><\/a><strong>T\u1ea1o Spider (Tr\u00ecnh thu th\u1eadp)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Spider l\u00e0 n\u01a1i ch\u1ee9a logic ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 tr\u00edch xu\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. \u0110\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t Spider m\u1edbi, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ec7nh <strong>genspider<\/strong> v\u1edbi c\u00fa ph\u00e1p:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>cd tutorial_scraper\n\nscrapy genspider quotes quotes.toscrape.com<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u1ec7nh tr\u00ean s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t file <strong>quotes.py<\/strong> n\u1eb1m trong th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c <strong>spiders\/<\/strong>. H\u00e3y m\u1edf file n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng tr\u00ecnh so\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o code (nh\u01b0 VS Code) v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u00e3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y <strong>Ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 (Title)<\/strong> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00e2u tr\u00edch d\u1eabn:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>import scrapy\n\nclass QuotesSpider(scrapy.Spider):\n\nname = \"quotes\"\n\nallowed_domains = &#91;\"quotes.toscrape.com\"]\n\nstart_urls = &#91;\"https:\/\/quotes.toscrape.com\/\"]\n\ndef parse(self, response):\n\n# L\u1eb7p qua t\u1eebng kh\u1ed1i tr\u00edch d\u1eabn tr\u00ean trang web\n\nfor quote in response.css('div.quote'):\n\nyield {\n\n'text': quote.css('span.text::text').get(),\n\n'author': quote.css('small.author::text').get(),\n\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch m\u00e3 l\u1ec7nh:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>name:<\/strong> T\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbnh danh c\u1ee7a Spider (duy nh\u1ea5t trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>start_urls: <\/strong>Danh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn m\u00e0 Spider s\u1ebd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u truy c\u1eadp.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>parse: <\/strong>H\u00e0m m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i t\u1eeb trang web.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>response.css:<\/strong> S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng CSS Selector \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed HTML mong mu\u1ed1n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>yield:<\/strong> Tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3n (dictionary).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"Ch\u1ea1y_d\u1ef1_\u00e1n_v\u00e0_xu\u1ea5t_d\u1eef_li\u1ec7u\"><a id=\"post-121516-_2k5r4xrmn9u6\"><\/a><strong>Ch\u1ea1y d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t Spider v\u00e0 xem k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3, h\u00e3y quay l\u1ea1i c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 d\u00f2ng l\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 ch\u1ea1y l\u1ec7nh:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>scrapy crawl quotes<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n l\u01b0u k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 thu th\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ra m\u1ed9t file c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 JSON) \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng sau n\u00e0y, h\u00e3y th\u00eam tham s\u1ed1 -O (overwrite &#8211; ghi \u0111\u00e8) ho\u1eb7c -o (append &#8211; ghi n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>scrapy crawl quotes -O ketqua.json<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Sau khi l\u1ec7nh th\u1ef1c thi xong, m\u1ed9t file <strong>ketqua.json<\/strong> s\u1ebd xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, ch\u1ee9a to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 danh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c c\u00e2u tr\u00edch d\u1eabn v\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y v\u1ec1 t\u1eeb trang web.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"Nh\u1eefng_l\u01b0u_\u00fd_quan_tr\u1ecdng_\u0111\u1ec3_tr\u00e1nh_b\u1ecb_ch\u1eb7n_IP_khi_d\u00f9ng_Scrapy\">Nh\u1eefng l\u01b0u \u00fd quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh b\u1ecb ch\u1eb7n IP khi d\u00f9ng Scrapy<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"Thay_\u0111\u1ed5i_\u0111\u1ecbnh_danh_ng\u01b0\u1eddi_d\u00f9ng_(Fake_User-Agent)\"><strong>Thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ecbnh danh ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng (Fake User-Agent)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Theo m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh, Scrapy s\u1ebd g\u1eedi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecbnh danh th\u1eadt l\u00e0 &#8220;Scrapy\/VERSION&#8221;. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c website ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ch\u1eb7n ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c. Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1i \u01b0u l\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0y th\u00e0nh chu\u1ed7i k\u00fd t\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn (nh\u01b0 Chrome, Firefox ho\u1eb7c Safari). Vi\u1ec7c ng\u1ee5y trang n\u00e0y gi\u00fap bot h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy c\u1eadp c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng th\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"Thi\u1ebft_l\u1eadp_\u0111\u1ed9_tr\u1ec5_h\u1ee3p_l\u00fd_(Download_Delay)\"><strong>Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd (Download Delay)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u1ed9t sai l\u1ea7m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng t\u1ea3i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u nhanh nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3. H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng g\u1eedi h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m y\u00eau c\u1ea7u (request) trong m\u1ed9t gi\u00e2y s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra \u00e1p l\u1ef1c l\u1edbn l\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00edch v\u00e0 k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 DdoS. H\u00e3y thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 DOWNLOAD_DELAY trong c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra kho\u1ea3ng ngh\u1ec9 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u1ea7n g\u1eedi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u. M\u1ed9t t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1eadm r\u00e3i, t\u1eeb t\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap tr\u00e1nh b\u1ecb ch\u1eb7n m\u00e0 c\u00f2n th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean c\u1ee7a website m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"375\" src=\"https:\/\/tino.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/scrapy-la-gi-6.png\" alt=\"Nh\u1eefng l\u01b0u \u00fd quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh b\u1ecb ch\u1eb7n IP khi d\u00f9ng Scrapy\" class=\"wp-image-121525\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tino.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/scrapy-la-gi-6.png 700w, https:\/\/tino.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/scrapy-la-gi-6-300x161.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong>Nh\u1eefng l\u01b0u \u00fd quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh b\u1ecb ch\u1eb7n IP khi d\u00f9ng Scrapy<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h3 id=\"S\u1eed_d\u1ee5ng_m\u1ea1ng_l\u01b0\u1edbi_Proxy_v\u00e0_xoay_v\u00f2ng_IP\"><strong>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi Proxy v\u00e0 xoay v\u00f2ng IP<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ngay c\u1ea3 khi \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9, vi\u1ec7c g\u1eedi li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP duy nh\u1ea5t trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i v\u1eabn r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng ng\u1edd. \u0110\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng n\u00ean t\u00edch h\u1ee3p m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi Proxy (trung gian). B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch xoay v\u00f2ng (Rotate) \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP li\u00ean t\u1ee5c cho m\u1ed7i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u g\u1eedi \u0111i, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a website s\u1ebd l\u1ea7m t\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1eb1ng l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng kh\u00e1c nhau \u1edf kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, thay v\u00ec t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t con bot duy nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"T\u1eaft_c\u01a1_ch\u1ebf_l\u01b0u_Cookie_(Disable_Cookies)\"><strong>T\u1eaft c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf l\u01b0u Cookie (Disable Cookies)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Nhi\u1ec1u trang web s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Cookie \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i h\u00e0nh vi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. N\u1ebfu Scrapy gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i Cookie v\u00e0 g\u1eedi k\u00e8m trong c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp, website c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e2u chu\u1ed7i h\u00e0nh vi v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra quy lu\u1eadt ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a bot. Vi\u1ec7c v\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u h\u00f3a ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng g\u1eedi Cookie (n\u1ebfu trang web kh\u00f4ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp) s\u1ebd gi\u00fap m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n truy c\u1eadp tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 b\u1ecb theo d\u00f5i h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"T\u1eadn_d\u1ee5ng_t\u00ednh_n\u0103ng_AutoThrottle\"><strong>T\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng t\u00ednh n\u0103ng AutoThrottle<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Scrapy \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p s\u1eb5n m\u1ed9t ti\u1ec7n \u00edch m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng th\u00f4ng minh t\u00ean l\u00e0 AutoThrottle. Khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t, ti\u1ec7n \u00edch n\u00e0y s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ea3i trang d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng m\u1ea1ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf n\u00e0y gi\u00fap framework ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng linh ho\u1ea1t: gi\u1ea3m t\u1ed1c khi m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c khi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho ph\u00e9p, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"Tu\u00e2n_th\u1ee7_t\u1eadp_tin_Robots.txt\"><strong>Tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 t\u1eadp tin Robots.txt<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c website \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp tin robots.txt quy \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0o cho ph\u00e9p ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea5m thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 Scrapy c\u00f3 t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn b\u1ecf qua quy \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y (ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = False), nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u0103n minh. Tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 robots.txt kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap tr\u00e1nh c\u00e1c r\u1eafc r\u1ed1i v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd m\u00e0 c\u00f2n gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u nguy c\u01a1 b\u1ecb qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP v\u00e0o danh s\u00e1ch \u0111en v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"K\u1ebft_lu\u1eadn\"><a id=\"post-121516-_np3k831330sy\"><\/a><strong>K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u1edbi ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac m\u1ea1ch l\u1ea1c, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i nh\u1edd c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n, framework n\u00e0y x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng l\u00e0 &#8220;v\u0169 kh\u00ed&#8221; ch\u1ee7 l\u1ef1c trong tay c\u00e1c l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean Python. N\u1ebfu doanh nghi\u1ec7p ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u0111ang t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 khai th\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin t\u1eeb Internet m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng, ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 Scrapy l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn. H\u00e3y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng m\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ngay h\u00f4m nay \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"Nh\u1eefng_c\u00e2u_h\u1ecfi_th\u01b0\u1eddng_g\u1eb7p\"><a id=\"post-121516-_vxqlqqz9mkvj\"><\/a>Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/h2>\n\n\n\t\t<section\t\thelp class=\"sc_fs_faq sc_card    \"\n\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t<h2 id=\"Scrapy_kh\u00e1c_bi\u1ec7t_g\u00ec_so_v\u1edbi_Beautiful_Soup?\">Scrapy kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t g\u00ec so v\u1edbi Beautiful Soup?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"sc_fs_faq__content\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\n<p>Beautiful Soup ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00fa ph\u00e1p HTML (parsing) v\u00e0 l\u1ea5y d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i v\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, Scrapy l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t framework tr\u1ecdn g\u00f3i (full-stack); c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 c\u00f2n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea3i trang, g\u1eedi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ea1ng, x\u1eed l\u00fd l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ea3 hai: d\u00f9ng Scrapy \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea3i trang v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng Beautiful Soup \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ecdc n\u1ed9i dung b\u00ean trong Scrapy.<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section\t\thelp class=\"sc_fs_faq sc_card    \"\n\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t<h2 id=\"Scrapy_c\u00f3_x\u1eed_l\u00fd_\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c_c\u00e1c_trang_web_s\u1eed_d\u1ee5ng_nhi\u1ec1u_JavaScript_(nh\u01b0_React,_VueJS)_kh\u00f4ng?\">Scrapy c\u00f3 x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c trang web s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u JavaScript (nh\u01b0 React, VueJS) kh\u00f4ng?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"sc_fs_faq__content\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\n<p>M\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh, Scrapy ch\u1ec9 t\u1ea3i m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n HTML t\u0129nh v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ea1y c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u00e3 JavaScript. \u0110\u1ec3 thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb c\u00e1c trang web \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y, l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean c\u1ea7n t\u00edch h\u1ee3p th\u00eam c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nh\u01b0 <strong>Scrapy-Splash<\/strong> ho\u1eb7c <strong>Selenium<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t v\u00e0 render n\u1ed9i dung tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u1ea5y d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section\t\thelp class=\"sc_fs_faq sc_card    \"\n\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t<h2 id=\"Scrapy_c\u00f3_giao_di\u1ec7n_web_hay_\u1ee9ng_d\u1ee5ng_tr\u1ef1c_quan_kh\u00f4ng?\">Scrapy c\u00f3 giao di\u1ec7n web hay \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng tr\u1ef1c quan kh\u00f4ng?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"sc_fs_faq__content\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\n<p>Kh\u00f4ng. Scrapy ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean giao di\u1ec7n d\u00f2ng l\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n. Framework n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng t\u00edch h\u1ee3p s\u1eb5n giao di\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ecda (GUI) ki\u1ec3u k\u00e9o-th\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: Octoparse). Tuy nhi\u00ean, l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t th\u00eam c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba (nh\u01b0 ScrapydWeb) ho\u1eb7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 theo d\u00f5i ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh thu th\u1eadp th\u00f4ng qua tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t web.<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section\t\thelp class=\"sc_fs_faq sc_card    \"\n\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t<h2 id=\"Scrapy_c\u00f3_th\u1ec3_t\u1ea3i_h\u00ecnh_\u1ea3nh_ho\u1eb7c_t\u1ec7p_tin_v\u1ec1_m\u00e1y_kh\u00f4ng?\">Scrapy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea3i h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh ho\u1eb7c t\u1ec7p tin v\u1ec1 m\u00e1y kh\u00f4ng?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"sc_fs_faq__content\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\n<p>Ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Scrapy cung c\u1ea5p s\u1eb5n m\u1ed9t t\u00ednh n\u0103ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 <strong>Media Pipeline<\/strong> (bao g\u1ed3m Images Pipeline v\u00e0 Files Pipeline). T\u00ednh n\u0103ng n\u00e0y gi\u00fap t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ea3i xu\u1ed1ng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh ho\u1eb7c t\u1ec7p tin t\u1eeb c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn thu th\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh thu nh\u1ecf (thumbnail).<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section\t\thelp class=\"sc_fs_faq sc_card    \"\n\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t<h2 id=\"C\u00f3_gi\u1edbi_h\u1ea1n_n\u00e0o_v\u1ec1_s\u1ed1_l\u01b0\u1ee3ng_trang_web_m\u00e0_Scrapy_c\u00f3_th\u1ec3_thu_th\u1eadp_kh\u00f4ng?\">C\u00f3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trang web m\u00e0 Scrapy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu th\u1eadp kh\u00f4ng?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"sc_fs_faq__content\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\n<p>V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng. Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n duy nh\u1ea5t n\u1eb1m \u1edf t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng (RAM, CPU, b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng m\u1ea1ng) c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111ang ch\u1ea1y Scrapy v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. Framework n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ee9c x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u trang web n\u1ebfu h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ee7.<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section\t\thelp class=\"sc_fs_faq sc_card    \"\n\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t<h2 id=\"Scrapy_c\u00f3_th\u1ec3_ch\u1ea1y_tr\u00ean_h\u1ec7_\u0111i\u1ec1u_h\u00e0nh_Windows_kh\u00f4ng?\">Scrapy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1y tr\u00ean h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh Windows kh\u00f4ng?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"sc_fs_faq__content\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\n<p>C\u00f3. Scrapy l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t framework \u0111a n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng (Cross-platform). C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 Windows, macOS v\u00e0 Linux. Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean Windows \u0111\u00f4i khi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e0i th\u00eam m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n C++ h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 (nh\u01b0 Microsoft Visual C++ Build Tools).<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">\n\t{\n\t\t\"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\",\n\t\t\"@type\": \"FAQPage\",\n\t\t\"mainEntity\": [\n\t\t\t\t\t{\n\t\t\t\t\"@type\": \"Question\",\n\t\t\t\t\"name\": \"Scrapy kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t g\u00ec so v\u1edbi Beautiful Soup?\",\n\t\t\t\t\"acceptedAnswer\": {\n\t\t\t\t\t\"@type\": \"Answer\",\n\t\t\t\t\t\"text\": \"<p>Beautiful Soup ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00fa ph\u00e1p HTML (parsing) v\u00e0 l\u1ea5y d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i v\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, Scrapy l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t framework tr\u1ecdn g\u00f3i (full-stack); c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 c\u00f2n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea3i trang, g\u1eedi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ea1ng, x\u1eed l\u00fd l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ea3 hai: d\u00f9ng Scrapy \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea3i trang v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng Beautiful Soup \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ecdc n\u1ed9i dung b\u00ean trong Scrapy.<\/p>\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t,\t\t\t\t{\n\t\t\t\t\"@type\": \"Question\",\n\t\t\t\t\"name\": \"Scrapy c\u00f3 x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c trang web s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u JavaScript (nh\u01b0 React, VueJS) kh\u00f4ng?\",\n\t\t\t\t\"acceptedAnswer\": {\n\t\t\t\t\t\"@type\": \"Answer\",\n\t\t\t\t\t\"text\": \"<p>M\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh, Scrapy ch\u1ec9 t\u1ea3i m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n HTML t\u0129nh v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ea1y c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u00e3 JavaScript. \u0110\u1ec3 thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb c\u00e1c trang web \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y, l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean c\u1ea7n t\u00edch h\u1ee3p th\u00eam c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nh\u01b0 <strong>Scrapy-Splash<\/strong> ho\u1eb7c <strong>Selenium<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t v\u00e0 render n\u1ed9i dung tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u1ea5y d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t,\t\t\t\t{\n\t\t\t\t\"@type\": \"Question\",\n\t\t\t\t\"name\": \"Scrapy c\u00f3 giao di\u1ec7n web hay \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng tr\u1ef1c quan kh\u00f4ng?\",\n\t\t\t\t\"acceptedAnswer\": {\n\t\t\t\t\t\"@type\": \"Answer\",\n\t\t\t\t\t\"text\": \"<p>Kh\u00f4ng. Scrapy ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean giao di\u1ec7n d\u00f2ng l\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n. Framework n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng t\u00edch h\u1ee3p s\u1eb5n giao di\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ecda (GUI) ki\u1ec3u k\u00e9o-th\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: Octoparse). Tuy nhi\u00ean, l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t th\u00eam c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba (nh\u01b0 ScrapydWeb) ho\u1eb7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 theo d\u00f5i ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh thu th\u1eadp th\u00f4ng qua tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t web.<\/p>\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t,\t\t\t\t{\n\t\t\t\t\"@type\": \"Question\",\n\t\t\t\t\"name\": \"Scrapy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea3i h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh ho\u1eb7c t\u1ec7p tin v\u1ec1 m\u00e1y kh\u00f4ng?\",\n\t\t\t\t\"acceptedAnswer\": {\n\t\t\t\t\t\"@type\": \"Answer\",\n\t\t\t\t\t\"text\": \"<p>Ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Scrapy cung c\u1ea5p s\u1eb5n m\u1ed9t t\u00ednh n\u0103ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 <strong>Media Pipeline<\/strong> (bao g\u1ed3m Images Pipeline v\u00e0 Files Pipeline). T\u00ednh n\u0103ng n\u00e0y gi\u00fap t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ea3i xu\u1ed1ng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh ho\u1eb7c t\u1ec7p tin t\u1eeb c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn thu th\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh thu nh\u1ecf (thumbnail).<\/p>\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t,\t\t\t\t{\n\t\t\t\t\"@type\": \"Question\",\n\t\t\t\t\"name\": \"C\u00f3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trang web m\u00e0 Scrapy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu th\u1eadp kh\u00f4ng?\",\n\t\t\t\t\"acceptedAnswer\": {\n\t\t\t\t\t\"@type\": \"Answer\",\n\t\t\t\t\t\"text\": \"<p>V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng. Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n duy nh\u1ea5t n\u1eb1m \u1edf t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng (RAM, CPU, b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng m\u1ea1ng) c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111ang ch\u1ea1y Scrapy v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. Framework n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ee9c x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u trang web n\u1ebfu h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ee7.<\/p>\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t,\t\t\t\t{\n\t\t\t\t\"@type\": \"Question\",\n\t\t\t\t\"name\": \"Scrapy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1y tr\u00ean h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh Windows kh\u00f4ng?\",\n\t\t\t\t\"acceptedAnswer\": {\n\t\t\t\t\t\"@type\": \"Answer\",\n\t\t\t\t\t\"text\": \"<p>C\u00f3. Scrapy l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t framework \u0111a n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng (Cross-platform). C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 Windows, macOS v\u00e0 Linux. Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean Windows \u0111\u00f4i khi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e0i th\u00eam m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n C++ h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 (nh\u01b0 Microsoft Visual C++ Build Tools).<\/p>\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\t\t]\n\t}\n<\/script>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Trong k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean s\u1ed1, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00ed nh\u01b0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n v\u00f4 gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi doanh nghi\u1ec7p. Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c thu th\u1eadp th\u00f4ng tin th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng t\u1eeb h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn trang web l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 thi v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00fac Scrapy ph\u00e1t huy vai tr\u00f2 t\u1ed1i quan [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":23,"featured_media":121526,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5404],"tags":[7476],"class_list":["post-121516","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-webmasters","tag-web-scraper"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tino.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/121516","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tino.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tino.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tino.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/23"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tino.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=121516"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/tino.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/121516\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":122105,"href":"https:\/\/tino.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/121516\/revisions\/122105"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tino.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/121526"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tino.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=121516"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tino.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=121516"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tino.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=121516"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}