{"id":13636,"date":"2021-06-08T13:57:14","date_gmt":"2021-06-08T06:57:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.tinohost.com\/?p=13636"},"modified":"2021-11-22T17:30:51","modified_gmt":"2021-11-22T10:30:51","slug":"dia-chi-127-0-0-1-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tino.vn\/blog\/dia-chi-127-0-0-1-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 127.0.0.1 l\u00e0 g\u00ec? So s\u00e1nh 127.0.0.1 v\u00e0 localhost"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 127.0.0.1 l\u00e0 g\u00ec? T\u1ea1i sao l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 127.0.0.1? \u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 127.0.0.1 kh\u00e1c g\u00ec v\u1edbi 0.0.0.0? TinoHost s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y! <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/a>\u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 127.0.0.1 l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\n Khi b\u1ea1n k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111ang mu\u1ed1n k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y t\u00ednh kh\u00e1c qua m\u1ea1ng Internet. Trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP, 127.0.0.1 r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP l\u00e0 duy nh\u1ea5t cho m\u1ecdi m\u00e1y t\u00ednh tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Internet, c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 127.0.0.1, khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 n\u00e0y, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111ang k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u00e0 giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"dia-chi-127-0-0-1-la-gi\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\n 127.0.0.1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 loopback, \u0111\u00f4i khi b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nghe ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 localhost.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n V\u00ed d\u1ee5: n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t server tr\u00ean M\u00e1y t\u00ednh A, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi server \u0111\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch truy c\u1eadp 127.0.0.1 tr\u00ean M\u00e1y t\u00ednh A.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n chuy\u1ec3n sang M\u00e1y t\u00ednh B v\u00e0 nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o 127.0.0.1, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00e1y t\u00ednh B thay v\u00ec A. B\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n Internet ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u00ednh A \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00e1y t\u00ednh B.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/a>127.0.0.1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

V\u1edbi m\u1ed9t IP \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 127.0.0.1, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. C\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 127.0.0.1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u01a1i game v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng localhost \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u1ea3o c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/a>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u01a1i game v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n b\u00e8<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 game b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t server tr\u00ean PC \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n ch\u01a1i c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n b\u00e8. \u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u01a1i c\u00f9ng, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi server host tr\u00ean PC ri\u00eang. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng chuy\u00ean v\u1ec1 m\u1ea1ng? \u0110\u1eebng lo, tin t\u1ed1t l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o cho vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y! <\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ea1n \u0111ang suy ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 game s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng 127.0.0.1 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u01a1i? V\u1eady,Minecraft l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m server tr\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi game tr\u00ean PC, nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea1n v\u1eabn c\u1ea7n k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u00f4ng qua tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t Minecraft server. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"dia-chi-127-0-0-1-la-gi\"
Minecraft l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh n\u01a1i b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng localhost<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

<\/a>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng localhost \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u1ea3o c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\n \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c m\u00e0 127.0.0.1 \u0111em \u0111\u1ebfn.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n Khi b\u1ea1n t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t server tr\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, 127.0.0.1 s\u1ebd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 l\u1eafng nghe c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i t\u1eeb tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u1ea3o ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n Trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean internet.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n C\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a 127.0.0.1 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 h\u1eefu d\u1ee5ng trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, khi b\u1ea1n th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1y tr\u01a1n tru tr\u00ean m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ea1ng \u1ea3o c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1ea1n tung ra s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean internet th\u1eadt.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n V\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea3o tr\u00ean ch\u00ednh m\u00e1y c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 xem \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea1n \u0111ang th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u hay nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/a>C\u00e1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a 127.0.0.1<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ec3 giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi nhau. M\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia trong m\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. C\u00e1c g\u00f3i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi qua TCP\/IP<\/a> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00edch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c khi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u1eb7p giao th\u1ee9c Transmission Control Protocol<\/strong> – TCP<\/strong> v\u00e0 IP l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a internet. Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 tr\u1ecdng Internet, TCP\/IP c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n, Giao th\u1ee9c Internet ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m cho ph\u00e9p \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP v\u00e0 subnet mask tr\u1ecf \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1c trong m\u1ea1ng. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"dia-chi-127-0-0-1-la-gi\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng (nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy c\u1eadp th\u00f4ng qua internet) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf: Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers<\/strong> (vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft l\u00e0 ICANN<\/a>)<\/strong>. ICANN c\u0169ng ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ea5p ph\u00e1t t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng DNS<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea1m vi \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, nh\u01b0 ph\u1ea1m vi t\u1eeb 127.0.0.0 \u0111\u1ebfn 127.255.255.255. Ngo\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n \u0111\u00f3 ra, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 do suy \u0111o\u00e1n v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i sao ch\u00fang l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0 t\u1ea1i sao ngo\u00e0i ph\u1ea1m vi \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1990, \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP tr\u00ean internet \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c l\u1edbp kh\u00e1c nhau. L\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean – L\u1edbp A, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng 0.0.0.0<\/a>, \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 k\u1ebft th\u00fac b\u1eb1ng 127.255.255.255. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n 127 l\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng trong m\u1ea1ng L\u1edbp A. V\u1ecb tr\u00ed quan tr\u1ecdng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao 127 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn. C\u00e1c th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o loopback ch\u1ee9a s\u1ed1 c\u1ed5ng \u0111\u00edch c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9. \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 c\u1ed5ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 chia nh\u1ecf th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u danh m\u1ee5c.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp 127.0.0.1<\/strong>?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c truy c\u1eadp c\u0169ng kh\u00e1 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. B\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 b\u1eadt tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t web nh\u01b0 Chrome, Edge, hay b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t n\u00e0o b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 v\u00e0 <\/strong>g\u00f5 d\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9: “127.0.0.1”<\/strong> v\u00e0o thanh \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 =><\/strong> nh\u1ea5n Enter <\/strong>\u0111\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch g\u00f5 s\u1ed1, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00f5 ch\u1eef: localhost <\/strong>v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5n Enter<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n B\u1ea1n l\u00e0m th\u1eed theo TinoHost h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn m\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 b\u00ean trong \u1ea3nh?\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"dia-chi-127-0-0-1-la-gi\"
127.0.0.1 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i!<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\n C\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 v\u00ec hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, b\u1ea1n ch\u01b0a c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 m\u1ed9t server n\u00e0o tr\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. M\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 l\u00fd do g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh n\u00f3.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

So s\u00e1nh 127.0.0.1 v\u00e0 localhost<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Gi\u1ed1ng nhau <\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Tr\u00ean h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, localhost v\u00e0 127.0.0.1 \u0111\u1ec1u gi\u1ed1ng nhau v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1i t\u00ean localhost cho c\u1ea3 2. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

127.0.0.1 v\u00e0 localhost \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra c\u1ed5ng giao ti\u1ebfp k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1ea1ng l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean ch\u00ednh m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kh\u00e1c nhau<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Localhost <\/strong>l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e3n \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP, b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n localhost kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP th\u1ef1c th\u1ee5. Localhost c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ecf v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u IP kh\u00e1c nhau. Trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, localhost c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ecf \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 IP n\u00e0o, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng IP kh\u00f4ng n\u1eb1m trong ph\u1ea1m vi t\u1eeb 127.0.0.0 \u0111\u1ebfn 127.255.255.255. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft, file Hosts s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n b\u1ea1n tr\u1ecf \u0111\u1ebfn IP n\u1eb1m ngo\u00e0i ph\u1ea1m vi 127.0.0.0 \u0111\u1ebfn 127.255.255.255 . Tuy nhi\u00ean, khi b\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ecf, c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng quan tr\u1ecdng trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m cho to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a localhost \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1ebd g\u1eb7p s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 ph\u00e1t sinh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng c\u00f3. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00f2n 127.0.0.1,<\/strong> ta c\u00f3 127 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn cho kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 loopback, do \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp A, ch\u1ea1y t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb 00000001 \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb 01111111. Trong IPv6, \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 loopback l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng r\u00fat g\u1ecdn l\u00e0 ::1. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"dia-chi-127-0-0-1-la-gi\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0: d\u00f9 localhost c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 local, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u00e1y c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9; c\u00f2n 127.0.0.1 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Localhost c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf nh\u01b0: kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh card m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t Firewall <\/strong>(t\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eeda<\/em>); t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a localhost \u0111\u1ec1u m\u1edf. V\u00ec v\u1eady, khi b\u1ea1n l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9, Localhost l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng h\u01a1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi 127.0.0.1. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Qua b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft, TinoHost hi v\u1ecdng b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec3u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 127.0.0.1 l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u00e0 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa 127.0.0.1 v\u00e0 localhost nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. Ch\u00fac b\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0a ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u00e9!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/a>Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t

T\u00f4i n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o Localhost? <\/h2>\t\t\t\t
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XAMPP <\/a>l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m t\u1ea1o Localhost t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed, li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t

127.0.0.1 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho vi\u1ec7c g\u00ec? <\/h2>\t\t\t\t
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T\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t b\u1ea1n n\u00ean d\u00f9ng 127.0.0.1 cho vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi, th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t

Giao th\u1ee9c IPv4, IPv6 l\u00e0 g\u00ec? <\/h2>\t\t\t\t
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C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn, ch\u00fang l\u00e0 phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n th\u1ee9 4 v\u00e0 phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n th\u1ee9 6 c\u1ee7a giao th\u1ee9c IP. IPv6 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt cao h\u01a1n IPv4 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd nh\u01b0: t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn, t\u0103ng kh\u00f4ng gian l\u01b0u tr\u1eef.<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t

Datagram l\u00e0 g\u00ec? <\/h2>\t\t\t\t
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Datagram <\/strong>l\u00e0 c\u00e1c g\u00f3i th\u00f4ng tin truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u gi\u1eefa ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i v\u00e0 \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p phi k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i. IPX – Internetwork Packet Exchange<\/strong> v\u00e0 IP l\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 datagram. Datagram ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00edch v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i xuy\u00ean qua bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng n\u1ed1i nhau b\u1eb1ng b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\n