{"id":1414,"date":"2019-04-22T10:42:12","date_gmt":"2019-04-22T03:42:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.tinohost.com\/?p=1414"},"modified":"2026-10-28T11:40:09","modified_gmt":"2026-10-28T04:40:09","slug":"fqdn-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tino.vn\/blog\/fqdn-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"FQDN l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u00e0 kh\u00e1c PQDN th\u1ebf n\u00e0o"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

FQDN (Fully Qualified Domain Name, t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7) l\u00e0 t\u00ean ghi \u0111\u1ee7 m\u1ecdi nh\u00e3n t\u1eeb t\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u1edbi g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y DNS, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 www.tenban.vn. v\u1edbi d\u1ea5u ch\u1ea5m cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho root.<\/strong> V\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh, FQDN c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 absolute domain name.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

FQDN l\u00e0 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng DNS<\/a>: m\u1ecdi t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n<\/a> v\u00e0 t\u00ean con \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft d\u1ea1ng FQDN. Ph\u1ea7n d\u01b0\u1edbi gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac FQDN, kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi t\u00ean t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i (PQDN), nh\u1eefng ch\u1ed7 b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng FQDN v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch xem FQDN c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u00ednh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

FQDN l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

FQDN l\u00e0 t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n gh\u00e9p th\u00eam g\u00ec n\u1eefa \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t n\u00fat duy nh\u1ea5t trong DNS. RFC 1034<\/a> g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 absolute name, k\u1ebft th\u00fac b\u1eb1ng d\u1ea5u ch\u1ea5m; RFC 9499<\/a> ghi r\u00f5 FQDN \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 ph\u1ea3i g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 nh\u00e3n r\u1ed7ng c\u1ee7a root, t\u1ee9c d\u1ea5u ch\u1ea5m cu\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u1ea2nh
\u1ea2nh ch\u1ee5p RFC 9499 (DNS Terminology)<\/a> tr\u00ean rfc-editor.org ng\u00e0y 27\/10\/2026.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Trong \u0111\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta v\u1eabn g\u1ecdi www.tenban.vn (kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 d\u1ea5u ch\u1ea5m cu\u1ed1i) l\u00e0 FQDN, v\u00ec m\u1ecdi t\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u chung m\u1ed9t g\u1ed1c n\u00ean d\u1ea5u ch\u1ea5m th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecf khi g\u00f5. D\u1ea5u ch\u1ea5m ch\u1ec9 b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t t\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u1edbi t\u00ean t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i, nh\u01b0 file zone DNS.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

FQDN c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n ch\u00ednh (tenban.vn.), m\u1ed9t t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n con (shop.tenban.vn.) hay t\u00ean m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y (mail.tenban.vn.). Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh FQDN ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 www ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee7 ba ph\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t FQDN<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t FQDN g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c nh\u00e3n (label) n\u1ed1i b\u1eb1ng d\u1ea5u ch\u1ea5m, \u0111\u1ecdc t\u1eeb ph\u1ea3i sang tr\u00e1i theo th\u1ee9 b\u1eadc: nh\u00e3n r\u1ed7ng c\u1ee7a root, \u0111u\u00f4i t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n (TLD), t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n c\u1ea5p hai, r\u1ed3i t\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e3n con nh\u01b0 t\u00ean m\u00e1y hay t\u00ean d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5. S\u1ed1 nh\u00e3n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, mi\u1ec5n t\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i n\u1eb1m trong gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a DNS.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"S\u01a1<\/figure>\n\n\n\n