{"id":15696,"date":"2021-03-19T22:13:00","date_gmt":"2021-03-19T15:13:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.tinohost.com\/?p=941"},"modified":"2024-01-12T09:31:27","modified_gmt":"2024-01-12T02:31:27","slug":"file-htaccess-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tino.vn\/blog\/file-htaccess-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"File .htaccess l\u00e0 g\u00ec? T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a file .htaccess"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Khi tham kh\u1ea3o m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn s\u1eeda l\u1ed7i WordPress<\/a>, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda file .htaccess. V\u1eady, file .htaccess l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/strong> C\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ra sao? Ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda file .htaccess c\u00f3 g\u00e2y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng g\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn website WordPress hay kh\u00f4ng? C\u00e1c b\u1ea1n h\u00e3y c\u00f9ng Tino Group t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 qua b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y nh\u00e9!<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 file .htaccess <\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

File .htaccess l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

File .htaccess (vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a Hypertext Access<\/strong>) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ec7p c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 web ch\u1ea1y ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m Apache<\/a>. T\u1ec7p n\u00e0y ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb v\u00e0 quy t\u1eafc cho vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 cho c\u00e1c th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c v\u00e0 t\u1ec7p tr\u00ean trang web. File .htaccess cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn t\u0129nh, chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng URL<\/a>, b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c, thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 kh\u00e1c. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc trong file .htaccess c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 cho th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c ch\u1ee9a n\u00f3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c con, cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 web m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 tinh ch\u1ec9nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong c\u00e1i t\u00ean .htaccess<\/em>, htaccess<\/em> l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n \u0111u\u00f4i v\u00e0 t\u1eadp tin n\u00e0y l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00ean (noname). Do \u0111\u00f3, khi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0a file n\u00e0y l\u00ean hosting<\/a> th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb ra. V\u00e0 file .htaccess th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ebd b\u1ecb \u1ea9n \u0111i \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh khi\u1ebfn website b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"file-htaccess-la-gi\"
File .htaccess l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5: Khi d\u00f9ng Total Commander \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd file FTP, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y file .htaccess \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

File .htaccess n\u1eb1m \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y file .htaccess n\u1eb1m ngay trong th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c g\u1ed1c tr\u00ean host n\u01a1i b\u1ea1n c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t trang WordPress <\/strong>c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. \u0110\u00f4i khi, file .htaccess s\u1ebd b\u1ecb \u1ea9n \u0111i nh\u1eb1m tr\u00e1nh vi\u1ec7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng m\u1edbi v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh x\u00f3a, thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ed7i trang web kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"file-htaccess-nam-o-dau\"
File .htaccess n\u1eb1m \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u?<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ec3 file .htaccess hi\u1ec7n ra, b\u1ea1n b\u1ea5m v\u00e0o Server => Force showing hidden files<\/strong> v\u00e0 file .htaccess s\u1ebd xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"cach-hien-file-htaccess\"
C\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7n file .htaccess<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng file .htaccess ra sao?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ec3 thao t\u00e1c v\u1edbi file .htaccess, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea5t k\u00ec m\u1ed9t editor n\u00e0o h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 code text nh\u01b0 Netbeans<\/a>, PHPDesigner<\/a>, hay th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m notepad c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n trong Windows<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

File .htaccess kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft n\u00ean t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0o m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng quy t\u1eafc Regular Expression<\/a> . Do \u0111\u00f3, n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng n\u1eafm v\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y, s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n khi thao t\u00e1c v\u1edbi file .htaccess. Ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda file v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7i d\u00f9 nh\u1ecf, khi truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o website c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n l\u1ed7i 500, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 hack \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c web m\u00ecnh r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ea5y. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, khi ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda file .htaccess, h\u00e3y th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eebng bao gi\u1edd qu\u00ean c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t file backup tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u00e9!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, file n\u00e0y s\u1ebd n\u1eb1m ngay \u1edf trong th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a hosting. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng th\u1ea5y \u1edf trong th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a hosting c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a file n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng .htaccess c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd nh\u1eefng g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n