{"id":3057,"date":"2021-08-13T17:48:06","date_gmt":"2021-08-13T10:48:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tino.org\/?p=3057"},"modified":"2021-08-13T17:48:06","modified_gmt":"2021-08-13T10:48:06","slug":"may-tinh-luong-tu-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tino.vn\/blog\/may-tinh-luong-tu-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"M\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed l\u00e0 g\u00ec? \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

So v\u1edbi m\u00e1y t\u00ednh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1, m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed \u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn h\u1eb9p. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi y\u00eau c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cho m\u1ecdi l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c, ng\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1.<\/strong>\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/a>M\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

<\/a>\u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a v\u1ec1 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

M\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed hay si\u00eau m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt l\u00fd l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed nh\u1eb1m l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/a> v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap cho c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng di\u1ec5n ra thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n M\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00f4ng qua nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ee7a thuy\u1ebft l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed. Theo Investopedia, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e0y gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed v\u00e0 h\u1ea1 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"may-tinh-luong-tu-la-gi\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\n C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng minh ho\u1eb7c laptop s\u1ebd m\u00e3 h\u00f3a th\u00f4ng tin d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng \u201cbit\u201d nh\u1ecb ph\u00e2n l\u00e0 0 ho\u1eb7c 1. C\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed, \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n trong b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang l\u00e0 bit l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed ho\u1eb7c \u201cqubit\u201d (quantum bits<\/strong>). \u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u201cqubit\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf v\u1eadt l\u00fd, nh\u01b0 spin c\u1ee7a electron ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a photon.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n Trong c\u00f9ng th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m, c\u00e1c \u201cqubit\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp theo nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c nhau. T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ch\u1ed3ng ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, nh\u1eefng \u201cqubit\u201d n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhau th\u00f4ng qua hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u201cr\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed\u201d. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: M\u1ed9t m\u00e1y t\u00ednh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 v\u1edbi 8 bit c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 s\u1ed1 n\u00e0o t\u1eeb 0 – 255. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, v\u1edbi 8 qubit, m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n m\u1ecdi s\u1ed1 t\u1eeb 0 – 255 c\u00f9ng l\u00fac.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/a>M\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed v\u00e0 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\n \u0110\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1edd \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed, v\u00ec ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd nhanh ch\u00f3ng trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0: t\u00ecm con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t gi\u1eefa hai v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ho\u1eb7c th\u1eeba s\u1ed1 nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t con s\u1ed1 kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n Tuy nhi\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 v\u00ec th\u1ebf m\u00e0 ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn t\u00ednh n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u00ednh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1. Trong nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y t\u00ednh truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y v\u1eabn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed. Do \u0111\u00f3, trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1ebd k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ea3 hai lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y t\u00ednh n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/a>T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\n C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed kh\u00e1 \u201cnh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m\u201d v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng xung quanh. Khi g\u1eb7p c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1ec1: tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u1eb7c va ch\u1ea1m v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i qubit s\u1ebd m\u1ea5t \u0111i t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed. \u0110\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh suy gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed, n\u1ebfu nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"may-tinh-luong-tu-la-gi\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\n V\u00ec v\u1eady, m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c qubit kh\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i. Ch\u00fang khu bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1c qubit \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i m\u00e1t ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c xung n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c theo d\u00f5i c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/a>L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\n Nh\u1eefng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p nhanh h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi m\u00e1y t\u00ednh truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. Ch\u00fang \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n si\u00eau \u0111\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean th\u00e0nh t\u00edch c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 (thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n Shor), ho\u1eb7c m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng h\u00f3a h\u1ec7 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ea1t.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n Ngo\u00e0i ra, m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed c\u0169ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 Simon, thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap m\u00e1y t\u00ednh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 nhanh h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi m\u00e1y t\u00ednh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1. Theo \u0111\u1ed9i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1ea1i Santa Barbara thu\u1ed9c \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc California, m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i to\u00e1n s\u1ed1 h\u1ecdc ch\u1ec9 trong 200 gi\u00e2y. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, Summit – si\u00eau m\u00e1y t\u00ednh nhanh nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn h\u01a1n 2 ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/a>H\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\n Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y t\u00ednh th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf kh\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1 gi\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc \u0111\u00e8n ch\u00f9m kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 v\u1edbi m\u00e0u s\u1eafc ph\u1ea3n quang. Ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed l\u00e0 d\u00e2y v\u00e0 \u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng. Nh\u1eefng chuy\u00ean gia x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y t\u00ednh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u201cc\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u00e8n ch\u00f9m\u201d. \n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y t\u00ednh kh\u00e1c, m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n chip l\u00e0 c\u00e1c qubit. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u00e2n chip \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp theo d\u1ea1ng m\u1ed9t b\u00e0n c\u1edd vua. C\u00e1c qubit ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng vi t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u Niobium – nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee9ng ngang Titan. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a qubit kh\u00f4ng duy tr\u00ec \u1edf m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, ch\u00fang c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng dao \u0111\u1ed9ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u00fd do v\u00ec sao m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd nhanh h\u01a1n m\u00e1y t\u00ednh truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. Gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c qubit l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng kh\u1edbp n\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o n\u00ean b\u1edfi resonator (\u0103ng-ten ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi vi s\u00f3ng). V\u00ec v\u1eady, c\u00e1c kh\u1edbp n\u1ed1i n\u00e0y c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"may-tinh-luong-tu-la-gi\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\n Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u1edf ph\u00eda tr\u00ean, qubit kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1edfi c\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i. V\u00ec v\u1eady, trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng vi s\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, con chip ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ea1nh (g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 0 \u0111\u1ed9 K). \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0y, m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ea5n ch\u00ecm trong b\u1ec3 Heli l\u1ecfng. M\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed c\u1ee7a IBM c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0 0,015 Kelvin.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/a>Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\n M\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c vi m\u1ea1ch nh\u1ecf. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a qubit, m\u00e1y t\u00ednh s\u1ebd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c theo 3 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf: ch\u1ed3ng ch\u1ea5t, r\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed v\u00e0 giao thoa.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"may-tinh-luong-tu-la-gi\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\n Trong li\u00ean k\u1ebft ph\u00e2n t\u1eed, m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng l\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n t\u1eed \u0111\u00f3. Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/a>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

<\/a>D\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\n V\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00ednh to\u00e1n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i nhanh, m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft. Lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y t\u00ednh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111o\u00e1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft trong v\u00f2ng v\u00e0i n\u0103m. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap con ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu v\u00e0 thi\u00ean tai \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/a>\u0110i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed1i giao th\u00f4ng<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\n M\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c ph\u00e1n \u0111o\u00e1n v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. Ch\u00fang gi\u00fap t\u00e0i x\u1ebf ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed1i \u01b0u nh\u1ea5t. Nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3, xe s\u1ebd l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c khung gi\u1edd cao \u0111i\u1ec3m. M\u1ecdi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed1 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd nhanh g\u1ecdn v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 g\u00f3p m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/a>Y h\u1ecdc<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\n M\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng theo c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ch\u1ed3ng ch\u1ea5t n\u00ean ch\u00fang c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang c\u00f2n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 y, b\u00e1c s\u0129 t\u00ecm ra nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1edbi, t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c y h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/a>Tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o<\/a> ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1ea7n kinh. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y gi\u00fap ch\u00fang h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng, th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00fac ti\u1ebfn nhanh h\u01a1n. Minh ch\u1ee9ng cho vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y l\u00e0 Google \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eadp trung ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n Google AI. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"may-tinh-luong-tu-la-gi\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\n C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p quy m\u00f4 v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1edbi, gi\u00fap con ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n h\u01a1n. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng m\u1eebng cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/a>Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p v\u1ec1 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n
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Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 r\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed?<\/h3>\n
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R\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed hay li\u00ean \u0111\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed. T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, hai hay nhi\u1ec1u v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhau, cho d\u00f9 ch\u00fang c\u00f3 n\u1eb1m c\u00e1ch xa nhau.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>\n
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\u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n l\u00e0 \u201cKh\u00f4ng!\u201d. Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m n\u00e0o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed. C\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia \u0111\u00e3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ebb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1y tr\u00ean lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y t\u00ednh si\u00eau \u0111\u1eb3ng n\u00e0y. Do \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00f4ng ch\u1edd m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m nh\u01b0 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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M\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho nhu c\u1ea7u c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>\n
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M\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c vu cho nhu c\u1ea7u c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n! D\u00f9 trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o th\u00ec ch\u00fang v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. Ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y t\u00ednh truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, laptop hay \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean b\u00e0n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i gia \u0111\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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M\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed c\u00f3 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n ch\u01b0a?<\/h3>\n
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C\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi l\u00e0 \u201cC\u00f3!\u201d. T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c D-Wave (Canada) \u0111\u00e3 cho ra m\u1eaft chi\u1ebfc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2007 mang t\u00ean D-Wave One. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u1ed7 m\u00e1y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh \u201cph\u00e9p t\u00f4i luy\u1ec7n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed\u201d. Chi\u1ebfc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng 128 qubits, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n th\u00e0nh 16 ng\u0103n, m\u1ed7i ng\u0103n ch\u1ee9a 8 qubits \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi c\u00e1c v\u00f2ng si\u00eau d\u1eabn.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

\n M\u1ecdi th\u1eafc m\u1eafc v\u00e0 g\u00f3p \u00fd li\u00ean quan, xin vui l\u00f2ng li\u00ean h\u1ec7 ngay Tino Group<\/a> \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n chi ti\u1ebft ho\u1eb7c Fanpage<\/a> \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t nh\u00e9!\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n Tinh g\u1ecdn quy tr\u00ecnh – ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ec9nh doanh thu – Tino Group t\u1ef1 tin \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00e0nh c\u00f9ng doanh nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t tr\u00ean h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ed1!\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00d4NG TY C\u1ed4 PH\u1ea6N T\u1eacP \u0110O\u00c0N TINO<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n