{"id":4385,"date":"2021-09-24T08:19:02","date_gmt":"2021-09-24T01:19:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tino.org\/?p=4385"},"modified":"2025-06-11T15:52:28","modified_gmt":"2025-06-11T08:52:28","slug":"rfid-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tino.vn\/blog\/rfid-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"RFID l\u00e0 g\u00ec? M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p c\u1ee7a RFID trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

T\u01b0 duy con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00ed nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u201ck\u1ef3 quan\u201d v\u00f4 t\u1eadn, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t minh v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 RFID – c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eb1m c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u0103ng l\u1ee3i t\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0.<\/strong>\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/a>\u0110\u00f4i n\u00e9t v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 RFID<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

<\/a>RFID l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\n RFID (Radio Frequency Identification<\/strong>, t\u1ea1m d\u1ecbch: nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn<\/em>) l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u00f3ng v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef tr\u00ean th\u1ebb g\u1eafn v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3. C\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 g\u1eedi th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng bao g\u1ed3m: th\u1ebb RFID, \u0103ng-ten, \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ecdc RFID v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 thu ph\u00e1t.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"rfid-la-gi\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\n \u0110i\u1ec3m c\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 RFID l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn \u1edf kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch t\u1eeb 50cm – 10m – m\u1ed9t con s\u1ed1 c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng m\u00e3 v\u1ea1ch th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, RFID kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tia s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed, RFID c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ecdc d\u1eef li\u1ec7u xuy\u00ean qua c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nh\u01b0: b\u00ea t\u00f4ng, t\u1ea3ng b\u0103ng, \u0111\u00e1, s\u01a1n,…, trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a RFID m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y \u1edf b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ho\u1eb7c m\u00e3 v\u1ea1ch n\u00e0o.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/a>C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a RFID<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\n M\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng RFID ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh, t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 4 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb bao g\u1ed3m: th\u1ebb RFID, \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ecdc th\u1ebb, antenna v\u00e0 server.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

<\/a>Th\u1ebb RFID<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\n Bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t th\u1ebb g\u1eafn chip v\u00e0 \u0103ng-ten. Th\u1ebb RFID l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n thay th\u1ebf nh\u1eefng m\u00e3 v\u1ea1ch tr\u00ean c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u00e0 ta th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y trong c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng b\u00e1n l\u1ebb. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u00e9t m\u00e3 v\u1ea1ch, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0a g\u1ea7n m\u00e3 v\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00f3. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi RFID, th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1eadt l\u00fd n\u00e0o.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n Th\u1ebb RFID \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n l\u00e0m 2 lo\u1ea1i v\u1edbi 2 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng kh\u00e1c nhau l\u00e0: Passive tags v\u00e0 Active tags\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/a>Passive tags<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n

\n Nh\u1eadn th\u00f4ng tin t\u1eeb thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecdc trong kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch ng\u1eafn, kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ngu\u1ed3n ngo\u00e0i\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/a>Active tags<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n

\n Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng PIN v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecdc l\u1edbn\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/a>\u0110\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ecdc th\u1ebb<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\n L\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc th\u00f4ng tin nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb th\u1ebb, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ho\u1eb7c l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed9ng\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/a>Antenna<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\n Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u201cc\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i\u201d gi\u1eefa th\u1ebb RFID v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ecdc\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/a>Server<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\n \u0110\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n, th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea, thu nh\u1eadn, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t,…\n<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\"rfid-la-gi\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

<\/a>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng RFID ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\n \u0110\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ecdc th\u1ebb s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t ra s\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb \u1edf m\u1ed9t t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1ed3i truy\u1ec1n qua thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00e1t m\u00e3 (Antenne) \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebb RFID trong v\u00f9ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. Khi \u1ea5y, th\u1ebb RFID s\u1ebd thu nh\u1eadn t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t l\u1ea1i cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng RFID bi\u1ebft m\u00e3 s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. L\u00fac n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ecdc s\u1ebd bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ebb n\u00e0o \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong v\u00f9ng s\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng RFID s\u1ebd k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng h\u1eefu \u00edch nh\u01b0:\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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