{"id":52765,"date":"2022-09-11T09:43:00","date_gmt":"2022-09-11T02:43:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wiki.tino.org\/staging\/?p=52765"},"modified":"2025-06-26T11:22:36","modified_gmt":"2025-06-26T04:22:36","slug":"mainboard-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tino.vn\/blog\/mainboard-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"Mainboard l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C\u00e1c d\u00f2ng Mainboard t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nay"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chuy\u00ean gia c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nghe \u0111\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef “Mainboard” hay “bo m\u1ea1ch ch\u1ee7”. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec cho m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh. V\u1eady c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 Mainboard l\u00e0 g\u00ec? \u0110\u00e2u l\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng Mainboard t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nay? C\u00e1c b\u1ea1n h\u00e3y c\u00f9ng Tino Group \u0111i t\u00ecm c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi qua b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y nh\u00e9!<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 Mainboard<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Mainboard l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Mainboard,<\/strong> Main hay Motherboard, t\u1ea1m d\u1ecbch: Bo m\u1ea1ch ch\u1ee7<\/em>, <\/strong>\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1eb7t trung t\u00e2m cu\u0309a th\u00e2n ma\u0301y ti\u0301nh c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 li\u00ean k\u1ebft t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t .<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u00f4ng qua Mainboard,<\/strong> c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 ROM – RAM<\/a>, CPU<\/a>, khe c\u1eafm PCI, c\u1ed5ng USB v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a DVD, chu\u1ed9t, b\u00e0n ph\u00edm s\u1ebd c\u0169ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i li\u1ec1n m\u1ea1ch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, Mainboard c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00ed nh\u01b0 b\u1ed9 n\u00e3o c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 k\u00ea\u0301t n\u00f4\u0301i c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau m\u00e0 Mainboard co\u0300n giu\u0301p \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i ngu\u00f4\u0300n \u0111i\u00ea\u0323n cho c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c hoa\u0323t \u0111\u00f4\u0323ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00ec th\u1ebf, b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh su\u00f4n s\u1ebb n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 Mainboard.<\/p>\n\n\n

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\"mainboard-la-gi\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

Mainboard ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed7i thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00e1c nhau s\u1ebd c\u00f3 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n kh\u00e1c nhau, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cbus\u201d. Mainboard ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o bus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a Mainboard bao g\u1ed3m hai Chipset g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 North Bridge v\u00e0 South Bridge (c\u1ea7u b\u1eafc v\u00e0 c\u1ea7u nam). Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang l\u00e0 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i CPU v\u1edbi RAM hay CPU v\u1edbi VGA Card<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khi m\u00e1y t\u00ednh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhau t\u1ea1o n\u00ean t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n. T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a t\u1edbi b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn North Bridge v\u00e0 South Bridge \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd l\u1ea1i r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Mainboard<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Chipset <\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u \u1edf tr\u00ean, Mainboard bao g\u1ed3m 2 Chipset B\u1eafc – Nam, \u0111\u00f3ng vai tro\u0300 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c thi\u00ea\u0301t bi\u0323 trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 CPU, RAM v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ngo\u1ea1i vi. Ngoa\u0300i ra, Chipset co\u0300n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o cho vi\u1ec7c truy\u00ea\u0300n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a c\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00ea\u0301n b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb RAM r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ebfn CPU, cu\u0303ng nh\u01b0 co\u0301 ch\u01b0\u0301c n\u0103ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n RAID,\u2026 C\u00e1c Chipset hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111\u00ea\u0300u \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c ti\u0301ch h\u01a1\u0323p s\u0103\u0303n card \u0111\u00f4\u0300 ho\u0323a<\/a>, card \u00e2m thanh\u2026 giu\u0301p ba\u0323n cha\u0323y \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c nhi\u1ec1u ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tri\u0300nh ma\u0300 kh\u00f4ng c\u00e2\u0300n pha\u0309i mua th\u00eam ca\u0301c card r\u01a1\u0300i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan t\u00e2m khi mua main server.<\/p>\n\n\n

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\"mainboard-la-gi\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

Socket <\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Socket hay \u0111\u1ebf c\u1eafm CPU la\u0300 n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ec3 ghim c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 vi x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u1ee7a Intel<\/a>, AMD<\/a>, \u2026M\u1ed7i loa\u0323i CPU se\u0303 co\u0301 ca\u0301c \u0111\u00ea\u0301 c\u0103\u0301m kha\u0301c nhau. Do \u0111\u00f3, ba\u0323n c\u00e2\u0300n cho\u0323n loa\u0323i Mainboard sao cho phu\u0300 h\u01a1\u0323p. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i Socket ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n